There are 36 technical fouls in football and 34 in hurling, the main ones are:

Football:

· To over carry or over hold the ball

· To throw the ball

· To handpass the ball without a definite striking action

· To lift the ball off the ground with the knees

· To lie on the ball

· To bounce the ball more than once consecutively after catching it

· To play the ball with the hands and catch it again before it touches the ground, another player or goal-posts

· To wrestle the ball from an opponent who has caught the ball

· To throw the ball from one hand to the other without keeping contact with the original hand

· To change the ball from one hand to the other without it being bounced or toe-tapped in between

Hurling:

· To over carry or over hold the ball

· To throw the ball

· To lift the ball off the ground with the knees

· To lie on the ball

· To touch the ball on the ground with the hands, except when a player falls or is knocked down while in possession of the ball

· To catch the ball more than twice before playing it away

· To toss the ball with the hand and catch it without playing it with the hurley

· To drop the hurley intentionally, or to throw it in a manner which endangers another player

· To tip an opponent's hurley so they can't get the ball

· To score a goal with the hands

· To play the ball a second time from a free puck unless it strikes another play or the goal-posts

Aggressive fouls, which are punished with a red card are:

· Striking or attempting to strike an opponent, team-mate or match official with any part of the body, or the hurley or stamping on them

· To behave in a dangerous manner

Dissent is a separate law within the rules of GAA.

Included in this are:

· Challenging the authority of a match official

· To show dissent with the referee's decision to award a free to the opposition

· To refuse to leave the pitch when sent-off or to rejoin the game when sent-off.

When a foul is committed, the game is restarted with a free or a throw-in from where the offence took place.

If one of the aggressive fouls occurs inside the large rectangle, or any foul in the small rectangle, then a penalty kick/puck is awarded which is taken from the 13m line.